Taraweeh (Qiyam Ramadan) and Thajd (Qiyam Al Lail) are separate prayers
Arguments (brief)
1. During the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), the moon of Ramadan did not appear, so the Companions (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُم), decided not to fast and not to recite Qiyaam (Taraweeh). Meanwhile, an Arab came and said that When the moon was seen, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said to Bilal that those who are Yasoom and those who are Yaqum should also fast and stay awake – Also Pray Taraweeh (Meaning from Dar Qatni, Vol. 2, page 159).
So Qiyaam Ramadhan (Taraweeh) is related to the sighting of the moon of Ramadan, like fasting, and Thajd is performed for 12 months of the whole year without being related to the moon of Ramadan.
2. It is in Bukhari Sharif that Hazrat Umar (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ), while encouraging Tajjud, said, “والتی تنامون عنھا افضل من التی تقومون”, the prayer (Qiyam al-Tajjud) with which you fall asleep is better than this prayer (Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh).” Which you establish (Al-Bukhari, Vol. 1, Page No. 269). So Umar (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ), said separate prayers for Tajjud and Taraweeh.
3. Muhadditheen have also mentioned Taraweeh (Qiyam Ramadan) and Thajd (Qiyam Al-Ail) prayers separately for each in separate chapters. For example:
Bukhari: Qiyam Al Lail Thajd Volume 1 Page 151 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 269
Muslim: Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 253 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 259
At-Tirmidhi: Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 98 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 166
Abu Dawud: Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 288 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 1 Page 269
Ibn Majah: Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh Page 94 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Page 94
Mu’ta Imam Malik Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh Page 94 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Page 87
Mu’ta Imam Muhammad Qiyaam Ramadhan Taraweeh page 119 Qiyaam Ramadan Taraweeh page 141
Sunan Kabira Lal Bhiqi Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh Volume 2 p. 499 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 12 P. 491
Balogh al-Maram Qiyam Ramadhan Taraweeh page 83 Qiyam Ramadan Taraweeh page 152
Qiyaam Al-Lail for Morozi Qiyaam Ramadhan Taraweeh Vol. 2 p. 149 Qiyaam Ramadan Taraweeh Vol. 1 pp. 150 to 178
Jum al-Fawid Qiyaam Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 1 page 203 Qiyaama Ramadan Taraweeh Volume 1 page 206
4. The Tahajjud prayer is proven by the Qur’an, (و من اللیل فتھجد) and Taraweeh are proven by the Hadith and the Sunnah Lakum Qiyaamah, so both prayers were performed separately.
5. Tahajjad, whole year, is Pray for 12 months of the year, and Taraweeh is prayed only for one month of the year in Ramadan.
6. Tahajjad has prayed alone and Taraweeh in the congregation.
7. Tahajjad is performed at the end of the night after sleep (Bukhari 1/154) / and Taraweeh is pray at the beginning of the night.
8. In Tahajjad, there is not proof of the completeion of the Qur’an, and in Taraweeh, there is the proof of the Qur’an completeion.
9. In the Tahajjad, the obligation remained obligatory on the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and became nafl on the Ummah, and Taraweeh is Sunnah from the first.
10. Tajjad started in Makkah before Hijra and Taraweeh in Madinah after Hijra.
11. Witr after Tajjud prayer is not valid, and Witr after Taraweeh is valid.
12. Taraweeh is not prayed in non-Ramadan.
13. There is a hadith that is sahih, clear and uncontradicted, not that in it, one prayer in eleven months is called Tajjud and Taraweeh in one month of Ramadan.
14. A hadith that is authentic, clear and uncontradicted is not that it is clearly written that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said about Tahajjad in Ramadan that Tajjad becomes Taraweeh in Ramadan.
15. The Hadith of Sahih, clear and uncontradicted, is not such that it should be mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), did not prayed Tahajjud in Ramadan.
Therefore, Taraweeh and Tahajjud are two separate prayers. Tahajjud can be eight or more, but the number of Taraweeh rak’ahs is 20.
