Tajweed Terminologies
(استعاذة) Isti’aazthah
أَعُوْذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيْمِ
I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Shaytaan.
(بسملة) Basmalah
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
(تحقيق/مجود) Tahqeeq/Mujawwad
Style of Qur’an Recitation.
(مرتل /ترتيل) Tarteel / Murattal
Style of Qur’an Recitation.
(حكم – أحكام) Hukum (plural: ahkaam)
Ruling.
(إختالف) Ikhtilaaf
Difference (of opinion).
(حق) Haqq
Right (e.g., giving the letters their right).
(مخارج – مخرج) Makhraj (plural: makhaarij)
Articulation points.
(حروف – حرف) Harf (plural: huroof)
Letters/letter – Arabic Alphabets.
(القمرية الحروف) Al-Huroof Al-Qamariyyah
The lunar letters (أ، ب، ج، ح، خ، ع، غ، ف، ق، ك، م، هـ، و، ي).
(الحروف الشمسية) Al-Huroof Ash-Shamsiyyah
The solar letters (ت، ث، د، ذ، ر، ز، س، ش، ص، ض، ط، ظ، ن، ل).
(فَتْحَة)Fat-hah
(ـَ): Vowel sign above letter pronounced “a”. e.g. “mat”.
(كَسْرَة) Kassrah
(ــِـ): Vowel sign below the letter pronounced “i”. e.g. “mit”.
(ضَمَّة) Dhammah
(ــُـ): Vowel sign above the letter pronounced “u”. e.g. “mut”.
(شَدَّة) Shaddah
(ـّ): Double letter.
(سُكُون) Sukoon
No vowel on the letter, stop on the letter.
(تنوين) Tanween
Double vowel: 2 dhammahs (dhamatayn), 2 kassrahs (kassrataan), or 2 fat-hahs (fat-hataan)
(ساكنة) Saakinah
Letter with Sukoon.
(الجر حرف) Harfu Al-Jarr
Prepositions.
(قصير) Qaseer
Minimum.
(طويل) Taweel
Maximum.
(حركة – حركتان – حركات) Harakah (dual: Harakataan, plural: Harakaat)
One alif movement.
(الحلق) Al-Halq
The throat.
(اللسان) Al-Lisaan
The tongue.
(الجوف) Al-Jawf
The empty space in the mouth and throat.
(شفتان) Shafataan
The two lips.
(مرقق) Muraqqaq
Light.
(مفخم) Mufakham
Heavy – تفخيم “tafkheem” Heaviness.
(إستعالء) Isti’laa
The raising of the deepest part of the tongue.
(إطباق) It’baaq
Linguistic definition: Adhering.
Applied definition: The compression of the sound of the letter between the tongue and the roof of the mouth.
(نبر) Nabr
Pressure/emphasis/accent on a part or specific letter of the word.
(توكيد) Tawkeed
Emphasis (on certain words e.g. inna).
(قلقلة) Qalqalah
Rebound/bounce.
(الصفير) As-Safeer
The Whistle – a sound which comes from the edge of tongue when it touches the bottom teeth, like hissing. The sharpness in the sound of the letter produced from it trans versing through a tight passage.
(الهمس) Al-Hams
The Whisper – a sound which signifies the release of breath.
(غنة) Ghunnah
Nasalisation.
(إظهار) Izthhaar
To make apparent.
(إدغام) Idghaam
To merge.
(إقلاب) Iqlaab.
To swap/turn around.
(إخفاء) Ikhfaa
To hide.
(مدود – مد) Madd (plural: Mudood)
Linguistic definition: extra.
Applied definition: lengthening of the sound.
(اللين مد) Al-Madd Al Leen
Lengthening of Ease.
(منفصل) Munfassil
Separated/unconnected.
(متصل) Mutassil
Attached/connected.
(األصلي المد) Al-Madd Al-‘Asli
The original lengthening.
(المد الكالمي المثقل) Al-Madd Al-Kalami Al-Muthaqqil
The heavy lengthening in a word.
(المدالفرعي) Al-Madd Al-Fari’
Derived lengthening.
(لازم) Laazim
Obligatory.
(واجب) Waajib
Required.
(جائز) Jaa-iz
Permissible.
