Etiquettes of Visiting the Sick
عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَبْعِ : ((عِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ وَاتَّبَاعِ الْجَنَائِرِ وَتَشْمِيْتِ الْعَاطِسِ، وَنَصْرِ الضُّعِيفِ، وَعَوْنِ الْمَظْلُومِ، وَأَفْشَاءِ السَّلَامِ، وَأَبْرَارِ الْمُقْسِمِ )۱)
Hazrat Bara bin Azib (رضي الله عنه) said that the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) commanded us to do seven things:
First, to visit the sick.
Second, to follow the funeral procession.
Third, to say “Yarhamuk Allah” in response to the one who says “Alhamdulillah” after sneezing.
Fourth, to help the weak person.
Fifth, to help the oppressed.
Sixth, to spread the greeting of Salam.
Seventh, to help a person fulfill his oath when he swears an oath.
Visiting the Sick is an Act of Worship
The first thing that the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) instructed was to visit the sick and inquire about their health. Visiting the sick is also among the rights of a Muslim over another Muslim.
Visit the Sick with the Intention of Sunnah
For example, you are going to visit a sick person and you have this thought in your heart that when we become sick, he will also come to visit us. But if he does not come to visit us, then in the future we will also not go to visit him. What is the need for us to visit him? This means that such a visit is being done in exchange (for a favor), not for reward.
However, when the purpose of an act of worship is to seek the pleasure of Allah Almighty, then in that case a person does not consider whether when he himself was sick, that person came to visit him or not. Rather, he thinks that even if he did not come, I will still go to visit him because the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) commanded visiting the sick. From this it becomes clear that this visit is being done purely for the sake of Allah and to fulfill the Sunnah of the Prophet (ﷺ).
Virtue of Visiting the Sick
This act of worship is so great that in one hadith the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) said:
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْحَارِثِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ الرَّحَبِيِّ، عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ “ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمَ إِذَا عَادَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ لَمْ يَزَلْ فِي خُرْفَةِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ ” .
Thauban reported Allah’s Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: Verily, when a Muslim visits his brother in Islam he is supposed to remain in the fruit garden of Paradise until he returns. (Sahih Muslim)
In another hadith, the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) said:
وعن علي رضي الله عنه قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: ”ما من مسلم يعود مسلماً غدوة إلا صلى عليه سبعون ألف ملك حتي يمسي، وإن عاده عشية إلا صلى عليه سبعون ألف ملك حتي يصبح، وكان له خريف في الجنة” ((رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن)).
‘Ali bin Abu Talib (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying, “When a Muslim visits a sick Muslim at dawn, seventy thousand angels keep on praying for him till dusk. If he visits him in the evening, seventy thousand angels keep on praying for him till the morning; and he will have (his share of) reaped fruits in Jannah.” (Riyad as-Salihin)
If You Are Upset with the Sick Person
If the sick person is someone toward whom you feel discomfort or dislike, and your heart does not feel open toward them, and your nature does not feel inclined toward them, yet you still go to visit them, then Insha’Allah you will receive double reward: one reward for visiting the sick, and another reward because despite having discomfort in your heart toward that Muslim, you still treated him with sympathy and kindness. You will receive separate reward for that. Therefore, visiting the sick is not a small matter. Do not make it a mere custom and waste its reward. Visit only with the intention that this is the command of the Noble Prophet (ﷺ), it is his Sunnah, and Allah Almighty grants reward for it.
Keep the Visit Short
The Noble Prophet (ﷺ) also described some etiquettes of visiting the sick. There is no aspect of life for which he did not provide guidance and detail. While explaining the etiquettes of visiting the sick, he said:
(مَنْ عَادَ مِنْكُمْ فَلْيُخَفِّفَ)
When you go to visit someone who is sick, make the visit brief and light; it should not be that you go to visit out of sympathy but end up causing discomfort to the patient. Rather, consider the time and make sure whether it is a suitable time for visiting or not.
Choose an Appropriate Time for Visiting the Sick
Visiting the sick is not the name of fulfilling your own desire to meet someone. The purpose of visiting is to gain blessings, not that you go with great affection and end up causing discomfort to the sick person. Love requires wisdom; such love that causes harm is not love but rather like the love of an ignorant friend, which becomes harmful. Therefore, while visiting the sick, it is necessary to ensure that the person you are visiting does not face any inconvenience. For example, if you go to visit at midnight when it is their sleeping time, or you go at noon during their rest or siesta time and disturb them, this is not appropriate. So use wisdom and go at a suitable time so that your visit does not cause them discomfort. Only then is visiting the sick a Sunnah; otherwise, it becomes merely a custom. In any case, the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) explained that the first etiquette of visiting the sick is to keep the visit short and light.
A Point:
A Close Friend May Sit Longer
However, some people are very close and informal, and their sitting longer does not cause discomfort to the sick person; rather, it gives them comfort and relief. In such a case, there is no harm in sitting for a longer time. A Practice for Seeking Cure If the situation is appropriate and this action does not cause any discomfort to the patient, then one may place a hand on the patient’s forehead and recite the following supplication:
اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ النَّاسِ أَذْهِبِ الْبَأْسَ أنْتَ الشَّافِيُّ لَا شَافِي إِلَّا أَنتَ لَا يُغَادِرُ سَقَمًا)) (۲)
O Allah, Lord of all mankind, remove the suffering and grant cure to this sick person. You are the One who grants healing; there is no healer except You.
And grant such a cure that leaves no illness behind. Whoever does not remember this supplication should memorize it and then make it a habit that whenever they visit a sick person, they should recite this supplication at an appropriate time.
Cure from Every Illness
Another supplication is also reported from the Noble Prophet (ﷺ), which is even easier and shorter than this one. It is easy to memorize, and the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) mentioned great benefit for it. That supplication is as follows:
أَسْـأَلُ اللهَ العَـظيـم، رَبَّ العَـرْشِ العَـظيـم أَنْ يَشْفـيك . (سبع مرات)
As’alullāha ‘l-`Aẓīma Rabba ‘l-`Arshil-`Aẓīmi an yashfiyak.
I ask Almighty Allah, Lord of the Magnificent Throne, to make you well. (Recite seven times in Arabic .) (Hisn al-Muslim)
It is mentioned in a hadith that the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) said that if a Muslim visits his sick Muslim brother and recites this supplication seven times, then if the time of that sick person’s death has not yet come, Allah Almighty will grant him health through the blessing of this supplication. However, if someone’s time of death has already arrived, then no one can delay it.
Change Your Perspective When Visiting the Sick
By reciting these supplications, three types of rewards are obtained:
First, you will receive the reward for following the Sunnah of the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) during the visit and for saying the words that the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) used to say when visiting the sick.
Second, you will receive the reward for showing sympathy and compassion to a Muslim brother.
Third, you will receive the reward for making supplication for him, because making supplication for a fellow Muslim is a source of reward.
Thus, in this small act, three rewards are combined. Therefore, everyone visits the sick, but while visiting, change your perspective: make the intention of following the Sunnah, make the intention of pleasing Allah Almighty, and follow the etiquettes of visiting the sick — that is, keep the visit short, and recite the supplications taught by the Noble Prophet (ﷺ) during the visit. Then, Insha’Allah, this seemingly small act of visiting the sick will become a great act of worship.
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