Surah Mudathir is Meccan, containing 54 verses and 2 sections of prostration. At the beginning of this Surah, the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is commanded to invite towards Allah, to warn the disbelievers, and to endure their opposition patiently.

Following this, the Surah instills fear in the hearts of criminals and opponents, warning them of the severe punishment awaiting them on the Day of Judgment.

In the subsequent verses, the Surah mentions the worst enemy of the Prophet (ﷺ), referred to as Walid bin Mughirah. He used to listen to the Quran and acknowledge it as the word of Allah, yet in arrogance of being a prominent figure, he denied it and attributed sorcery and magic to the Quran. Then the Surah describes the Hellfire and its abysses, which will be encountered by the disbelievers and sinners, where there will be no relief for them.

Furthermore, to emphasize the severity and dread, Allah swears by the moonlit night and the dawn, stating that Hell is one of the greatest calamities.

This Surah makes it clear that every individual will be accountable for their actions, and everyone will be questioned about their deeds. Except for those who are given their records in their right hands, they will not be held accountable. They will question the criminals on the Day of Judgment regarding what led them into Hell, to which they will provide four reasons:

Firstly, they did not establish regular prayers. Secondly, they did not feed the poor. Thirdly, they indulged in vain arguments and misled others. Fourthly, they denied the Day of Judgment.

The Surah concludes by stating that the Quran is indeed an admonition for those who are willing to take heed, but it requires the will of Allah for one to benefit from it.

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