What is Zakat al-Fitr?
Fitr means not to open or fast. In the Shariah term, the name of the charity is Fitr, which is performed as a pleasure and thanks to the fasting of the month of Ramadan and the atonement for the shortcomings and mistakes of Ramadan, such as, It is narrated by Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (رضي الله عنه) that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
The charity is set to purify the fast, purify the poor from the fasting talk of the fasting person, and feed the poor. (Abu Dawud 1606, Ibn Majah 1872.)
Why Zakat al-Fitr fixed
In Eid -ul -Fitr, Zakat al-Fitr has been fixed because it contains the purity of sins for fasting and fulfilling their fast. Also, in the houses of the wealthy, Eid is on that day. Different types of dishes are cooked, and good clothes are dressed, while in the houses of the poor, poverty is such a form of fasting, so Allah has made it obligatory for the rich. Give the poor a charity before Eid so that they too can share in the happiness; they can eat and wear well.
The obligation of Zakat al-Fitr
Many hadiths prove to be the cause of charity, some of which are as follows:
Hazrat Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (رضي الله عنه) narrates that the Prophet (ﷺ) has declared the charity Fitr obligatory on the Muslims, whether it be slaves or free, male or female, small or big. (Bukhari, Muslim, Darqutni)
Hazrat Abdullah ibn Abbas (رضي الله عنه) says that the Prophet (ﷺ) said to remove his fasting at the end of Ramadan. (Abu Dawood)
Similarly, in the hadeeth, the Prophet (ﷺ) sent preaching in the streets of Makkah to declare that charity is obligatory for every Muslim, whether male or female, free or slave, small or small. Great. (Tirmidhi)
Who is obliged to Zakat al-Fitr?
The Muslim, who is so rich that he has more than the requirements of the value of the price at the expense of Zakat, then it is obligatory on the day of Eid -ul -Fitr to charity, whether it is for trade or not, whether it is for trade. Whether it has been years or not. However, it is optional to find all the conditions for the obligatory duty of Zakat for the cause of Zakat al-Fitr. For some scholars, it is optional for the charity of the charity Fitr to own Zakat, who has a day and more than one night for himself and those who the people support, then on his own and his family. Pay the charity by Ayel.
Time to be obligatory for Zakat al-Fitr
This charity becomes obligatory on the day of Eid -ul -Fitr. Therefore, the person who died before the morning before becoming honest is not obligatory on the charity, and the child who was born before the morning will be paid by him.
Time to pay Zakat al-Fitr
The real-time payment of Zakat al-Fitr is before the Eid prayer on the day of Eid -ul -Fitr, though it can be paid at any time at the end of Ramadan.
It is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (رضي الله عنه) that the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered that charity be performed before going for a prayer. (Al-Bukhaari h. 1509, Muslim h. 2285)
It is narrated from Hazrat Nafa (رضي الله عنه) that Hazrat Abdullah ibn (رضي الله عنه) used to give charity to all the elderly people of the house, even giving from my sons, and Ibn ‘Umar (رضي الله عنه) used to give to those who accepted. And Eid -ul -Fitr used to pay a day or two. (Al-Bukhaari h. 1511)
If the Eid ul -Fitr prayer is not offered, charity can be made even after the Eid prayer. But delaying too much is inappropriate because it makes the charity of the charity and the desired.
The words of the Hadith of Hazrat Abdullah ibn Abbas (رضي الله عنه) are that whoever offers charity before the Eid prayer, it will be acceptable zakat and whoever performs after the prayer is only one of the charity. (Abu Dawud 1606)
The quantity of Zakat al-Fitr
In the case of giving palm and raisins to charity, the Ummah agrees that it is a sauce that is a measure of the time of the Prophet (ﷺ).
Can wheat be priced for?
In paying the price of wheat in charity Fitr, the scholars have written that the price of wheat can also be paid in charity. Given the need for time, almost all scholars have acknowledged that grain and grain can be paid in the contemporary.
Who deserves Zakat al-Fitr, and who should be given charity Fitr?
Charity should be given to the poor and poor, as was spent in the hadeeth of Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (رضي الله عنه).
Miscellaneous problems
It is makruh to send charity from one city to another. That is, where you are living in Riyadh, pay charity there; yes, it is not makruh to send them if there are poor relatives in another city or other country or the people there are more deserving.
The charity of a man can be given to many poor people, and the charity of many men to a poor man.
For some reason, the person who does not fast for Ramadan is also obligatory on charity.
It is not obligatory for the owner to pay charity on behalf of those who work on wages nowadays.
Allah Knows Best!
